2D Paintball
Loading _
To play 2DPaintball, open this website on a compatible desktop web browser with a mouse & keyboard.

has started!

You are registered for this tournament.
Click to Join the Tournament Field
View brackets on the tournament page.

Ranked Matchmaking is started!

You are in a ranked match event!
Join back now in the matchmaking field!

D3 - Amateur 4v4

Millennium 2015 UK by PB18
3 - 5
Final Score
Place Score Player Kills Deaths K/D Ratio Rank Level
#1 221 Bot - 5 10 5 2 N/A 0
#2 191 Bot - 1 5 4 1.2 N/A 0
#3 179 Bot - 3 8 5 1.6 N/A 0
#4 177 Switchez 10 13 0.7 Un-ranked 5
#5 117 Bot - 7 6 7 0.8 N/A 0
#6 55 Bot - 2 5 5 1 N/A 0
#7 45 Bot - 4 4 6 0.6 N/A 0
#8 21 Bot - 6 2 5 0.4 N/A 0
Campaign

2D Paintball Match Log #546560 (12-04-2021 @ 06:45pm)

Round #1 Recap Round length: 0:54 / Team Red Scored

Bot - 1 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 104 shots Reloads 0 Chops 2 Swabs 1 Ran 215.2 ft.
Bot - 2 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 69 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 153 ft.
Bot - 3 Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 10 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 147.8 ft.
Switchez Got 3 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 241 shots Reloads 1 Chops 1 Swabs 0 Ran 250.3 ft.
Bot - 4 Got 1 kills Took 1 bounces Fired 10 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 147.1 ft.
Bot - 5 Got 2 kills Took 1 bounces Fired 260 shots Reloads 1 Chops 1 Swabs 1 Ran 270.5 ft.
Bot - 6 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 31 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 146.2 ft.
Bot - 7 Got 0 kills Took 1 bounces Fired 240 shots Reloads 1 Chops 2 Swabs 2 Ran 301.9 ft.

Round #1 Event log

Bot - 4 Took a bounce @ 1.51
Bot - 3 Bounced a player @ 1.51
Bot - 4 Got a kill @ 1.51
Bot - 3 Was eliminated @ 1.51
Bot - 4 Was eliminated @ 1.58
Bot - 3 Got a kill @ 1.58
Bot - 4 Traded out @ 1.58
Bot - 3 Got the trade @ 1.58
Bot - 4 Got bonus balled @ 1.78
Bot - 1 Hit a bonus ball @ 1.78
Bot - 5 Got a kill @ 3.51
Switchez Was eliminated @ 3.51
Bot - 5 Hit a bonus ball @ 3.70
Switchez Got bonus balled @ 3.70
Switchez Got bonus balled @ 3.71
Bot - 1 Hit a bonus ball @ 3.71
Switchez Took over bot @ 5.35
Bot - 1 Chopped a ball @ 7.24
Bot - 1 Chopped a ball @ 8.75
Bot - 7 Chopped a ball @ 9.23
Switchez Was eliminated @ 9.52
Bot - 5 Got a kill @ 9.52
Switchez Got bonus balled @ 9.85
Bot - 7 Hit a bonus ball @ 9.85
Bot - 5 Took a bounce @ 11.07
Bot - 2 Bounced a player @ 11.07
Switchez Took over bot @ 11.10
Bot - 1 Swabbed @ 12.38
Switchez Got a kill @ 20.44
Bot - 1 Was eliminated @ 20.44
Bot - 7 Swabbed @ 21.37
Bot - 5 Chopped a ball @ 34.19
Bot - 7 Chopped a ball @ 35.60
Bot - 7 Reloaded @ 36.85
Bot - 7 Swabbed @ 39.97
Bot - 5 Reloaded @ 40.39
Switchez Reloaded @ 40.84
Bot - 5 Swabbed @ 42.74
Switchez Chopped a ball @ 47.15
Switchez Bounced a player @ 47.36
Bot - 7 Took a bounce @ 47.36
Switchez Got a kill @ 47.38
Bot - 7 Was eliminated @ 47.38
Bot - 7 Got bonus balled @ 47.65
Switchez Hit a bonus ball @ 47.65
Bot - 5 Was eliminated @ 54.20
Switchez Got a kill @ 54.20
Switchez Hit a bonus ball @ 54.46
Bot - 5 Got bonus balled @ 54.46
Round Ended @ 54.56

Round #2 Recap Round length: 0:31 / Team Red Scored

Bot - 1 Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 71 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 182.2 ft.
Bot - 2 Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 76 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 163.8 ft.
Bot - 3 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 53 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 141.9 ft.
Switchez Got 2 kills Took 1 bounces Fired 30 shots Reloads 1 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 127.6 ft.
Bot - 4 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 65 shots Reloads 0 Chops 1 Swabs 0 Ran 190.7 ft.
Bot - 5 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 28 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 147.7 ft.
Bot - 6 Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 75 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 158.3 ft.
Bot - 7 Got 2 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 143 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 248.4 ft.

Round #2 Event log

Bot - 6 Got a kill @ 3.44
Bot - 5 Was eliminated @ 3.44
Bot - 5 Got bonus balled @ 3.73
Bot - 6 Hit a bonus ball @ 3.73
Bot - 4 Chopped a ball @ 7.19
Bot - 2 Got a kill @ 7.23
Bot - 3 Was eliminated @ 7.23
Bot - 2 Hit a bonus ball @ 7.38
Bot - 3 Got bonus balled @ 7.38
Bot - 4 Was eliminated @ 8.47
Bot - 1 Got a kill @ 8.47
Bot - 1 Was eliminated @ 9.39
Switchez Got a kill @ 9.39
Bot - 2 Was eliminated @ 9.46
Bot - 7 Got a kill @ 9.46
Bot - 7 Hit a bonus ball @ 9.48
Bot - 2 Got bonus balled @ 9.48
Bot - 7 Hit a bonus ball @ 9.61
Bot - 2 Got bonus balled @ 9.61
Bot - 7 Got a kill @ 10.07
Switchez Was eliminated @ 10.07
Switchez Took over bot @ 11.98
Switchez Reloaded @ 16.30
Switchez Got a kill @ 30.99
Bot - 7 Was eliminated @ 30.99
Round Ended @ 31.42

Round #3 Recap Round length: 0:45 / Team Blue Scored

Bot - 1 Got 0 kills Took 1 bounces Fired 310 shots Reloads 1 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 251.3 ft.
Bot - 2 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 100 shots Reloads 0 Chops 1 Swabs 1 Ran 189 ft.
Bot - 3 Got 2 kills Took 1 bounces Fired 313 shots Reloads 1 Chops 1 Swabs 1 Ran 307.6 ft.
Switchez Got 1 kills Took 1 bounces Fired 109 shots Reloads 1 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 234.9 ft.
Bot - 4 Got 0 kills Took 1 bounces Fired 147 shots Reloads 0 Chops 2 Swabs 2 Ran 199.7 ft.
Bot - 5 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 12 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 143.1 ft.
Bot - 6 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 21 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 155.7 ft.
Bot - 7 Got 2 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 338 shots Reloads 2 Chops 1 Swabs 1 Ran 254.9 ft.

Round #3 Event log

Bot - 5 Was eliminated @ 2.07
Switchez Got a kill @ 2.07
Bot - 7 Chopped a ball @ 2.44
Bot - 6 Was eliminated @ 2.92
Bot - 3 Got a kill @ 2.92
Bot - 6 Got bonus balled @ 2.97
Bot - 3 Hit a bonus ball @ 2.97
Bot - 3 Chopped a ball @ 4.23
Bot - 2 Chopped a ball @ 4.54
Bot - 7 Swabbed @ 5.35
Bot - 4 Chopped a ball @ 5.83
Bot - 3 Swabbed @ 6.88
Bot - 4 Bounced a player @ 7.07
Bot - 1 Took a bounce @ 7.07
Bot - 2 Swabbed @ 7.63
Bot - 7 Bounced a player @ 8.81
Switchez Took a bounce @ 8.81
Bot - 4 Swabbed @ 10.26
Bot - 3 Got a kill @ 11.22
Switchez Was eliminated @ 11.22
Bot - 3 Hit a bonus ball @ 11.57
Switchez Got bonus balled @ 11.57
Bot - 2 Bounced a player @ 14.33
Bot - 3 Took a bounce @ 14.33
Switchez Took over bot @ 15.02
Bot - 4 Chopped a ball @ 24.12
Bot - 7 Got a kill @ 27.28
Switchez Was eliminated @ 27.28
Switchez Got bonus balled @ 27.40
Bot - 7 Hit a bonus ball @ 27.40
Switchez Got bonus balled @ 27.49
Bot - 7 Hit a bonus ball @ 27.49
Bot - 4 Swabbed @ 27.56
Bot - 7 Reloaded @ 27.77
Bot - 1 Reloaded @ 27.87
Switchez Took over bot @ 29.47
Bot - 3 Reloaded @ 29.95
Switchez Reloaded @ 36.55
Bot - 7 Reloaded @ 43.98
Bot - 7 Got a kill @ 45.09
Switchez Was eliminated @ 45.09
Round Ended @ 45.51

Round #4 Recap Round length: 0:39 / Team Red Scored

Bot - 1 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 165 shots Reloads 0 Chops 1 Swabs 1 Ran 237.7 ft.
Bot - 2 Got 2 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 36 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 167.2 ft.
Bot - 3 Got 1 kills Took 3 bounces Fired 36 shots Reloads 0 Chops 1 Swabs 0 Ran 170 ft.
Switchez Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 40 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 188.5 ft.
Bot - 4 Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 48 shots Reloads 0 Chops 1 Swabs 0 Ran 132.5 ft.
Bot - 5 Got 2 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 51 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 172.5 ft.
Bot - 6 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 17 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 159.6 ft.
Bot - 7 Got 0 kills Took 1 bounces Fired 23 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 150.5 ft.

Round #4 Event log

Bot - 6 Was eliminated @ 2.09
Bot - 3 Got a kill @ 2.09
Bot - 3 Took a bounce @ 3.70
Bot - 2 Bounced a player @ 3.70
Bot - 3 Chopped a ball @ 3.91
Bot - 7 Was eliminated @ 4.17
Bot - 2 Got a kill @ 4.17
Bot - 2 Hit a bonus ball @ 4.24
Bot - 7 Got bonus balled @ 4.24
Bot - 1 Chopped a ball @ 4.66
Bot - 2 Got a kill @ 5.16
Bot - 3 Was eliminated @ 5.16
Bot - 5 Got a kill @ 5.18
Bot - 2 Was eliminated @ 5.18
Bot - 2 Hit a bonus ball @ 5.23
Bot - 3 Got bonus balled @ 5.23
Bot - 2 Hit a bonus bounce @ 5.30
Bot - 3 Got bonus bounced @ 5.30
Bot - 4 Got a kill @ 5.67
Bot - 5 Was eliminated @ 5.67
Bot - 4 Chopped a ball @ 5.82
Bot - 5 Got bonus balled @ 5.84
Bot - 4 Hit a bonus ball @ 5.84
Bot - 4 Was eliminated @ 5.97
Bot - 5 Got a kill @ 5.97
Bot - 4 Traded out @ 5.97
Bot - 5 Got the trade @ 5.97
Bot - 4 Got bonus balled @ 6.11
Bot - 5 Hit a bonus ball @ 6.11
Bot - 1 Swabbed @ 7.30
Switchez Got a kill @ 39.41
Bot - 1 Was eliminated @ 39.41
Round Ended @ 39.85

Round #5 Recap Round length: 0:22 / Team Blue Scored

Bot - 1 Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 78 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 161.1 ft.
Bot - 2 Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 112 shots Reloads 0 Chops 1 Swabs 0 Ran 190.6 ft.
Bot - 3 Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 28 shots Reloads 0 Chops 1 Swabs 0 Ran 171.4 ft.
Switchez Got 2 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 96 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 215.1 ft.
Bot - 4 Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 26 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 164.8 ft.
Bot - 5 Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 93 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 203.4 ft.
Bot - 6 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 18 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 162 ft.
Bot - 7 Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 19 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 163.5 ft.

Round #5 Event log

Bot - 3 Chopped a ball @ 2.53
Bot - 7 Was eliminated @ 2.56
Bot - 2 Got a kill @ 2.56
Bot - 7 Got a kill @ 2.56
Bot - 6 Was eliminated @ 2.56
Bot - 3 Was eliminated @ 3.65
Bot - 4 Got a kill @ 3.65
Bot - 3 Got a kill @ 3.74
Bot - 4 Was eliminated @ 3.74
Bot - 3 Got the trade @ 3.74
Bot - 4 Traded out @ 3.74
Bot - 3 Got bonus balled @ 3.74
Bot - 4 Hit a bonus ball @ 3.74
Bot - 4 Hit a bonus ball @ 3.82
Bot - 3 Got bonus balled @ 3.82
Bot - 2 Chopped a ball @ 10.98
Switchez Was eliminated @ 12.24
Bot - 1 Got a kill @ 12.24
Bot - 1 Hit a bonus ball @ 12.42
Switchez Got bonus balled @ 12.42
Switchez Got bonus balled @ 12.50
Bot - 1 Hit a bonus ball @ 12.50
Switchez Got a kill @ 12.72
Bot - 1 Was eliminated @ 12.72
Switchez Got the trade @ 12.72
Bot - 1 Traded out @ 12.72
Switchez Took over bot @ 13.85
Switchez Was eliminated @ 22.57
Bot - 5 Got a kill @ 22.57
Switchez Got a kill @ 22.61
Bot - 5 Was eliminated @ 22.61
Switchez Got the trade @ 22.61
Bot - 5 Traded out @ 22.61
Bot - 5 Got bonus balled @ 22.90
Switchez Hit a bonus ball @ 22.90
Round Ended @ 22.99

Round #6 Recap Round length: 0:23 / Team Blue Scored

Bot - 1 Got 2 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 162 shots Reloads 0 Chops 1 Swabs 1 Ran 198.6 ft.
Bot - 2 Got 1 kills Took 2 bounces Fired 149 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 192.3 ft.
Bot - 3 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 156 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 218 ft.
Switchez Got 0 kills Took 1 bounces Fired 138 shots Reloads 0 Chops 1 Swabs 0 Ran 181.4 ft.
Bot - 4 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 31 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 184.2 ft.
Bot - 5 Got 2 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 196 shots Reloads 1 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 217.8 ft.
Bot - 6 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 90 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 157.1 ft.
Bot - 7 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 57 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 144.2 ft.

Round #6 Event log

Bot - 5 Got a kill @ 3.36
Bot - 4 Was eliminated @ 3.36
Bot - 7 Was eliminated @ 7.46
Bot - 2 Got a kill @ 7.46
Bot - 7 Got bonus balled @ 7.58
Bot - 2 Hit a bonus ball @ 7.58
Bot - 7 Got bonus balled @ 7.64
Bot - 2 Hit a bonus ball @ 7.64
Bot - 1 Bounced a player @ 9.60
Switchez Took a bounce @ 9.60
Bot - 1 Got a kill @ 9.65
Switchez Was eliminated @ 9.65
Switchez Chopped a ball @ 9.99
Switchez Took over bot @ 11.72
Bot - 1 Chopped a ball @ 13.48
Bot - 1 Swabbed @ 16.24
Bot - 5 Reloaded @ 21.16
Bot - 2 Was eliminated @ 21.31
Bot - 1 Got a kill @ 21.31
Bot - 2 Got bonus bounced @ 21.36
Bot - 1 Hit a bonus bounce @ 21.36
Bot - 2 Got bonus balled @ 21.45
Bot - 1 Hit a bonus ball @ 21.45
Switchez Was eliminated @ 22.97
Bot - 5 Got a kill @ 22.97
Switchez Got bonus balled @ 23.06
Bot - 5 Hit a bonus ball @ 23.06
Switchez Got bonus balled @ 23.14
Bot - 5 Hit a bonus ball @ 23.14
Round Ended @ 23.21

Round #7 Recap Round length: 0:22 / Team Blue Scored

Bot - 1 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 142 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 210.2 ft.
Bot - 2 Got 0 kills Took 1 bounces Fired 137 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 196.1 ft.
Bot - 3 Got 2 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 164 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 177 ft.
Switchez Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 0 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 3.9 ft.
Bot - 4 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 63 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 184.7 ft.
Bot - 5 Got 2 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 171 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 188.2 ft.
Bot - 6 Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 87 shots Reloads 0 Chops 1 Swabs 1 Ran 184.5 ft.
Bot - 7 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 55 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 171.1 ft.

Round #7 Event log

Bot - 6 Chopped a ball @ 5.60
Bot - 7 Was eliminated @ 8.10
Bot - 6 Got a kill @ 8.10
Bot - 3 Got a kill @ 8.38
Bot - 4 Was eliminated @ 8.38
Bot - 6 Swabbed @ 9.42
Bot - 6 Was eliminated @ 13.11
Bot - 5 Got a kill @ 13.11
Bot - 2 Took a bounce @ 19.55
Bot - 3 Bounced a player @ 19.55
Bot - 2 Was eliminated @ 19.65
Bot - 3 Got a kill @ 19.65
Bot - 2 Got bonus balled @ 19.70
Bot - 3 Hit a bonus ball @ 19.70
Bot - 3 Hit a bonus ball @ 19.85
Bot - 2 Got bonus balled @ 19.85
Bot - 5 Got a kill @ 22.02
Switchez Was eliminated @ 22.02
Switchez Got bonus balled @ 22.21
Bot - 5 Hit a bonus ball @ 22.21
Round Ended @ 22.34

Round #8 Recap Round length: 0:11 / Team Blue Scored

Bot - 1 Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 81 shots Reloads 0 Chops 2 Swabs 1 Ran 185.2 ft.
Bot - 2 Got 0 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 44 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 132 ft.
Bot - 3 Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 23 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 169 ft.
Switchez Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 58 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 113.2 ft.
Bot - 4 Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 32 shots Reloads 0 Chops 1 Swabs 1 Ran 147.1 ft.
Bot - 5 Got 1 kills Took 0 bounces Fired 86 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 196.1 ft.
Bot - 6 Got 0 kills Took 2 bounces Fired 17 shots Reloads 0 Chops 0 Swabs 0 Ran 144.3 ft.
Bot - 7 Got 1 kills Took 1 bounces Fired 62 shots Reloads 0 Chops 1 Swabs 1 Ran 159.5 ft.

Round #8 Event log

Bot - 4 Chopped a ball @ 2.17
Bot - 6 Took a bounce @ 2.19
Bot - 3 Bounced a player @ 2.19
Bot - 3 Got a kill @ 2.33
Bot - 6 Was eliminated @ 2.33
Bot - 1 Chopped a ball @ 2.44
Bot - 4 Got a kill @ 2.77
Bot - 3 Was eliminated @ 2.77
Bot - 4 Hit a bonus ball @ 2.82
Bot - 3 Got bonus balled @ 2.82
Bot - 4 Hit a bonus ball @ 2.95
Bot - 3 Got bonus balled @ 2.95
Switchez Was eliminated @ 3.24
Bot - 7 Got a kill @ 3.24
Switchez Got bonus balled @ 3.28
Bot - 7 Hit a bonus ball @ 3.28
Bot - 7 Hit a bonus ball @ 3.39
Switchez Got bonus balled @ 3.39
Bot - 7 Chopped a ball @ 4.62
Bot - 4 Swabbed @ 4.65
Switchez Took over bot @ 5.05
Bot - 2 Was eliminated @ 6.55
Bot - 5 Got a kill @ 6.55
Bot - 2 Got bonus balled @ 6.66
Bot - 1 Hit a bonus ball @ 6.66
Bot - 5 Hit a bonus ball @ 6.66
Bot - 2 Got bonus balled @ 6.66
Bot - 1 Swabbed @ 7.05
Bot - 7 Swabbed @ 7.46
Bot - 1 Chopped a ball @ 8.72
Bot - 7 Was eliminated @ 10.32
Switchez Got a kill @ 10.32
Switchez Was eliminated @ 11.41
Bot - 1 Got a kill @ 11.41
Round Ended @ 11.85

Alpha Testing

Bugs: The game is in alpha. This means random issues may occur (server freezing, rogue bots, and general mayhem.) If you run into any issues, please be patient and send some feedback through our Feedback Button , this will help us track and fix the issues as fast as possible.

Lag: Currently the game is very ping dependent for smoothness in gameplay. If you get 150+ ping to the server, have bad internet, are streaming/downloading anything in the background (or if anyone on your network is) you may have a degraded playing experience (stuttering/lag)
The gameplay should feel perfectly smooth if you get <= 90ms Ping with 60+ FPS (Refer to netgraph at top right of in-game screen.)

Features: During alpha, features, interfaces, systems, and gameplay mechanics may change drastically. We incourage suggestions and Feedback